Engine.



PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

J. D. FERRY.

ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1903.

3 SHEETS-BHEET 1.

NO MODEL.

1M M J No. 773,490. PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904. J. D. PERRY.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25. 1903. NO MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

[NVENTO/C in! l J9 R R B F D Tu ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NO MODEL.

UNTTED STATES Patented October 25, 1904.

JOSEPH D. FERRY, OF MOKEESPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,490, dated October 25, 1904. Application filed September 25, 1908. Serial No. 174,643. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH D. FERRY, a' citizen of the United States, residing at Me- Keesport, in the county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an engine, and particularly to a structure adapted for use with an explosive charge or with a continuous pressure of steam, air, or other motive agent.

The invention has for an object to provide means whereby the controlling-valves for the power-cylinder may be operated to effect a proper feed and exhaust for the explosive action in the cylinders or by shifting the parts the operation of the valve will be altered to adapt the engine for use with a continuous pressure of steam or air.

A further object of the invention is to provide coinpressing-cylinders operatively connected with the shaft driven from the powercylinders and operating in unison with the said cylinders, so as to place the motive agent under suitable compression prior to its introduction into the power-cylinders.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of valve and easing with means for retaining the valve under tension and adapted to effect a feeding and exhaust to the power-cylinders.

The invention also presents novel details of construction in the mounting of the levers by which the power is communicated to the cylinder-valves and also in the shiftable means by which the cam and eccentric cooperating with these levers are adapted to be moved laterally, so that either one thereof will be in operative position.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof'defined by the appended claims. 7

1n the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the engine with parts in section. Fig. 2. is a plan thereof with parts in section. Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal section through one set of the power and compressing cylinders on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4=is a detail horizontal section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on theline 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 isa similar section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is avertical section showing the valve-operating cam.- Fig. 8 is an elevation showing the valve-operating eccentric and cam together. Fig. 9 is an end view of one of the rotary cylinder-valves. Fig. 10 is a similar view of the oscillating plate cooperating with the end of this valve. Fig. 11 is a detail enlarged horizontal section showing the valve-holding means assembled.

Fig. 12 is a plan of the top of the valve-chambers for the power-cylinders with the coverplate removed. Fig. 13 is a vertical section thereof on the line 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a detail plan showing the shifting mechanism for the cam and eccentric. Fig. 15 is a detail elevation of the cam and eccentric. Fig. 16 is a detail perspective of the valve-lever cooperating therewith. Fig. 17 is a detail elevation of one end of the compressing-cylinders, showing the ports leading therefrom. Fig. 18 is an edge view of the piston-packing. Fig. 19 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 20 is a detail elevation with parts. in section and separated from each other, and Fig. 21 is an elevation of the shift-bar.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

The letter A designates the power-shaft, supported within a suitable casing, as shown at A, which may be of any desired configuration and closed, if desired, bya cover-plate A which in Fig. 2 is shown as removed. This shaft is provided at suitable points with one or more crank-arms A depending upon the number of cylinders used in connection with the engine. While two power-cylinders B are shown herein, together withtwo cooperating compressing-cylinders U,'still it will be obvious that single power and compressing cylinders could be used or a greater number assembled in connection with the drivingshaft if found desirable. This shaft is also provided at one end with the usual balance or fly wheel A and may be supported centrally of its length. if found desirable, by means of a standard and bearing A VV'thin each of the power-cylinders B a piston B is disposed, which is connected by means of the pistonrod B with the cross-head B, which is provided with a sliding bearing-block B", journaled upon the crank-arm A The parallel members of this cross-head are connected together at their opposite ends in any desired manner for instance, by means of the bolt B passing through a spacing-sleeve B, disposed between the ends of thehead, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The pistonrod may be connected to this head in any desired manner for instance, by means of the tapered end portion B, through which the wedge or cotter pin B is adapted. to pass. It will be understood that the cylinders and pistons hereinafter described are similar in construction, and therefore it is only necessary to specifically describe one thereof.

Upon the opposite side of the power-shaft from the power-cylinder is the compressingcylinder 0, which is provided with a piston 0, having a rod connected with the crosshead B" by means of the tapered end C' and cotter-pin 1", whereby in the rotation of the crank-arm the block B reciprocates in the cross-head and produces a simultaneous movement of the pistons, or as if the pistons were connected to a continuous shaft. The compressing-cylinder may be of any desired construction; but a desirable form thereof is illustrated herein, in which the inlet-port D is provided at the lower portion thereof and communicates with the chamber D, Fig. 6, which is provided with suitable check-valves I) and communicates with each of the cylinders at the ends thereof by means of the passage D, as shown in Fig. 17. The casing opposite each of these valves is provided with an aperture and plug D*, by which access can be obtained thereto. A set of the inlet and outlet valves D is provided at each end of the compressing-Cy]inder, so that the compressing operation is performed during both strokes of the piston therein, while the compressed fluid is discharged from the outlet D disposed between the two cylindcrs, and conducted by the pipe I)", communicating with the power-cylinder. The pipe 1) communicates with the longitudinally-ex tending passage E, disposed between the two power-cylinders,and communicates at each end with the valve-casings E which extend transversely of the cylinders, one at each end thereof. In the walls of this inletpassage E suitable oil-tubes E extend downward and communicate with the valvechambers for the purpose of lubricating the same, as shown in Figs. 5 and 12. These valve-casings are provided with inlet-ports E and exhaust-ports E the latter of which communicate, through the passage E, extending transversely of the cylinders, with the exhaust-port E at one end of the casing. Suitable oil tubes or passages E extend downward through this exhaust-chamber and communicate with each of the cylinders throuh the opening E" for the purpose of lubricating the same and, if desired, may be closed at their upper ends by means of plugs E \Vithin each of the valve-casingsjE a sleeve F is secured and provided with a tapered interior face, preferably largest at its inner end. This sleeve may be secured in position in any desired manner-for instance, by means of threads F at its inner end engaging similar threads on the casing adjacent to the inletpassage E. Each of the sleeves is provided with an inlet-port F and an exhaust-port F which when the sleeves are secured in position are in alinement with similar ports in the casing. (See Fig. 5.) Disposed within these sleeves are the valves G of tapering or conical shape, adapted to fit snugly the interior of the sleeves F, and the valves are each open at their inner end, communicating with the inlet-passage E, while the body of the valves is provided at one side with ports G, adapted to communicate with the inlet-ports in the sleeve and easing, while the periphery of the valve is provided with a concaved portion G Fig. 3, by which communication may be established between the inlet-port and the exhaust-passage. The outer end of the valve (Jr is closed, as at (F, and provided with a slot Gr, Fig. 9, having overhanging walls behind which the head G carried by the adjusting-bolt G, is adapted to fit. The end of the valve is also provided with lugs (i disposed at opposite points and adapted to pass through apertures H in the bearing-plate H, Fig. 10, which is thus connected to the valve and provided with a central threaded opening H through which the bolt G passes. This plate is also provided with a crank-pin H by which connection is made with the valve-operating mechanism. The plate H is formed with the proper bearing-surface upon its interior face and adapted to contact with balls H, disposed within a shell or casing H, which is suitably provided, as at H, to permit the movement of the valve independently of the shell. These partsare suitably clamped and held together, by means of the nut H disposed upon the bolt G, while this bolt is further provided with an angular wrench-hold G by which it may be adjusted to draw the valve tightly into contacting position with its sleeve. In order to form the proper bearing for the outer end of the bolt G in the oscillation of the valve, the'bracketarm I, Fig. 11, is interiorly threaded and the bearing-screw I. inserted therein and provided with a lock-nut 1 threaded thereon. The inner end of this screw is recessed, as at 1", and suitable bearing-balls 1* may be provided to form a roller-bearing between the base of this recess'and the bearing-face 1, carried by the outer end of the bolt G6.

Surrounding the power-cylinders are the usual water-jackets 1 which are supplied from any desired sourcefor instance, the connec- IIO tion I at the top of the cylinder (see Figs. 2 and 13) and the aperture 1 in the lower ,portion of the casing between the cylinders.

When used as an explosive-engine, any de sired form of igniting device may be applied for instance, as indicated at 1 in Fig. 3.

For the purpose of oscillating the valves controlling the supply and exhaust of the power-cylinders the power-shaft A is provided witha valve-controlling device J, which comprises an eccentric J for operation with steam or air and a cam J for the explosive action, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 15. These parts may be separately formed, but are preferably connected together and suitably mounted upon the power-shaft by any desired meansfor instance, the keyway J -so as to be shifted when it is desired to change the motive agent for the engine by any desired mechanism, a form of which will be hereinafter described. At opposite sides of the valve-controlling device J are levers J, pivotally mounted upon lugs J Fig. 1, extending from the engineframe, by means of the bearing J 6 at their lower ends and shown in detail by Fig. 16. Above this hearing the bearing J is provided and adapted to receive an antifriction-roller J for contacting with the shifting device, while at the upper portion an eye or bearing J is formed for the purpose of connecting the rod K, which extends to the valve. The levers J 4 at opposite sides of the shifting device are connected together by springs K, which extend from the cross-plate K carried by the upper end of the levers, and are permanently connected to one of said plates, while the plate upon the opposite lever is provided with a threaded bolt K adjustable therein and adapted to be heldin its adjusted position by means of lock-nuts K", Fig. 16. One of these rods K extends from each of the levers, and a set of these levers is applied at each side of the engine, so as to independently control each of the four valves used in connection with the two cylinders shown. The valve-rods K may be connected with the crank-pins H by which the valves are oscillated in any desired manner-for instance, as shown in Fig. 1by means of the clip-plate K", embracing the pin and held upon the threaded end of the rod by means of opposite nuts K. The connection of the rods K to the opposite levers J permits the alternate movements of the valves for-effecting an independent pressure and exhaust connection at each end of each piston. These pistons may be provided with any desired form of packing, a preferred construction of which is shown in Figs. 18, 19, and 20. The piston B is provided with a circumferential groove L, within which an angular plate L is disposed and formed in a series of separated segments. Upon the flange L of this plate the segments L of the bearing-ring are disposed, and one end of each of these segments is connected to the angular ring at L in any desired manner, so that the free end of the segments L may overlap the joints between the sections of the angular body and permit an expansion thereof without leaving a space between the ends of the sections. The sections of the packing-ring L are each provided at each end with an aperture L while a spring L is disposed within the adjacent apertures, thus normally separating the segments of the bearing-ring, so as to permit a slight com pression thereof and insure a close fit with the walls of the cylinders. This packing is shown in connection with the pistons in the power-cylinders; but it may also be used as well upon the compressing-pistons if found desirable.

Any desired means may be employed for shifting the cam-and-eccentric device when the motive power of the engine is to be changed from an explosive to a constant pressure, or vice versa, and as illustrating a desirable means thereof 1 have provided a shiftingbar M, Fig. 21, having at its opposite ends sockets M, within which the free ends of levers l 2 are'pivotally mounted by means of a pin M These levers M extend beneath the power-shaft and controlling device and are mounted upon a pivot M secured to the base by means of a stud M bolted thereto, Fig. 1, while the ends of the levers M beneath the shifting device are provided with a sleeve M, adapted to receive a pintle M extending downward from the yoke orconnecting device M which is adapted to be secured to the shifting devicefor instance, by embracing a groove between the cam and eccentric thereon.while the pivotal mounting of the connector permits the free movement of the controlling device upon the powershaft. For the purpose of shifting the bar M an angularly-dispOsed solid arm M is provided at one end thereof and adapted to engage a crank-pin N, carried upon a disk N the shaft N of which is extended beyond the frame through a suitable stufling-box 1 and provided at its free end with an operatinglever Ni It will be seen that the oscillation of the shaft N will shift the bar M. thus simultaneously moving the controlling devices for the valves carried upon the power-shaft through the medium of the pivoted levers at the opposite ends thereof.

In the operation of the invention in case steam or air are to be used as the motive agent the same enters compressing-cylinder in the movement of the piston therein and is "alternately received and further compressed sure is applied to both sides of the piston the-rein. der constant pressure or compression and discharge it to the cylinder in their oscillation, while the exhaust from the cylinder passes around the valve-casing and through the passages heretofore described. If the engine is to be used with gas or any similar explosive fluid, the oscillation of the valves is suitably timed for that purpose by bringing the cam carried by the controlling device in alinement with the levers connected to the valve-operating rods, while an igniting device is also provided in connection with the power-cylinder. If it be found desirable to use the engine with steam, air, or other fluid under compression, the controlling device may be moved upon the power-shaft by the means hereinbefore described, so as to bring the eccentric thereon into alinement with the valve-controlling levers, thus secur ing the desired timing of the inlet and exhausting of the chargesto the opposite ends of the cylinder in order that power may be applied at one end of each cylinder during each stroke of the piston. \Vith the parts in the position shown in Fig. 3 it will be seen that the right end of the cylinder is receiving a charge while the left end is in connection with the exhaust, so that the movement of the piston in the cylinder operates the powershaft and the controlling device carried thereby, so that the valves are reversed in position as the piston approaches the passage at the left end of the cylinder, thus applying the charge at that point and restoring the piston toitsinitial position. (Shownin Fig. 3.) The power is communicated from the piston-rod to the crank-shaft by means of the crosshead, which also carried the compressing-piston at the opposite side of the power-shaft, whereby the compressingpiston maintains the charge for the engine under constant pressure, by which the most desirable operation is secured both with an explosive and with a non-explosive motive agent. The construction of the valves for the power-cylinder also permits the same to be tightly fitted within their sleeves and held there to prevent leal age, while they are mounted for free oscillation, as before described.

Two power and compressing cylinders are shown in the present application; but it will be obvious that the functions of the invention could be performed by a single set thereof; but in the use of two cylinders greater power is secured and a consequent economy of fuel, while the construction of the valve-casing for feeding this fuel permits the introduction of the same at the open end of the valves and exhaust-passage extending longitudinally between the valves.

It will be obvious that changes maybe made in the details of construction and configuration without departing from the spirit of the These valves carry the charge uninvention as defined by the appended claims and that different forms of cross-heads may be used for connecting the power and compression pistons for simultaneous movement.

Havi ng described my in vention and set forth its merits, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein connected to the power-shaft, a plurality of valves for said cylinder, a plurality of valve-controlling devices connected to the power shaft for independently timing the movement of said valves, and means at the opposite sides of said devices each connected to an independent valve to operate the same.

2. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein connected to the power-shaft, a plu rality of valves for said cylinder, a valve-controlling device connected to the power-shaft for timing the movement of said valves, and means held under tension in contact with the opposite sides of said controlling device and each connected to an independent valve to operate the same.

3. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein connected to the power-shaft, a plurality of valves for said cylinder, a valve-controlling device connected to the power-shaft for timing the movement of said valves, levers held under tension in engagement with the opposite sides of said controlling device, and independent valve-rods extending from the free endof each lever to each valve.

4. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein, valves at the opposite ends of said cylinder, a power-shaft connected to said piston, a valve controlling device upon said power-shaft, levers at the opposite sides of said device, pivoted at one side of said device and connected together by tension-springs at the opposite side thereof, and connecting-rods from said levers to operate said valves.

In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein, valves at the opposite sides of said cylinder, a powershaft connected to said piston, a plurality of valve-controlling devices upon said power-shaft, pivoted levers at the opposite sides of one of said devices, connecting-rods from said levers to operate said valves, shifting means carried by the controlling devices and adapted to throw one thereof into the path of said levers.

6. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein, valves at the opposite sides of said cylinder, a 1')ower-shaft connected to said piston, a plurality of valve-controlling devices upon said power-shaft, pivoted levers at the opposite sides of one of said devices, connecting-rods from said levers to operate said valves, shifting means carried by the controlling devices and adapted to throw one thereof into the path of said levers, and a tension spring connecting the free ends of said levers to throw the same toward each other.

7. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein, valves at the opposite sides of said cylinder, a power-shaft connected to said piston, a plurality of valve-controlling devices upon said power-shaft, pivoted levers at the opposite sides of one of said devices, connecting-rods from said levers to operate said valves, shifting means carried by the controlling devices and adapted to throw one thereof into the path of said levers, a tension-spring connecting the free ends of said levers to throw the same toward each other, a crosshead carried by the power-shaft and connected to the piston in the power-cylinder, a compressing-cylinder at the opposite side of the power-shaft, a piston therein connected With said cross-head, and a 'connectingpassage from the compressing-cylinder to said valves.

8. In the engine, a power-cylinder, valvechambers extending transversely at its opposite ends, tubular valves mounted to oscillate in said chambers and provided with inletports to communicate with the cylinder, an intake-passage communicating with the open end of said valves, and an exhaust-passage formed at one side of said valves.

9. In an engine, a power-cylinder, valvechambers extending transversely at its opposite ends, tubular valves mounted to oscillate in said chambers and provided with inletports to communicate with the cylinder, an intake-passage communicating with the open end of said valves, an exhaust-passage formed at one side of said valves, means for drawing said valves longitudinally within their casing, and means connected to the outer end of the valves for oscillating the same.

. 10. In an engine, aplurality of power-cylinders disposed parallel to each other,valve-casings extending transversely of said cylinders at the opposite ends thereof and provided with an inlet-opening at their mid-length, an exhaust-chamber extending transversely of the cylinders between the valve-casings, a powershaft, and pistons carried thereby disposed within said cylinders and connected to crankarms upon said shaft.

11. In an engine, aplurality of power-cylinders disposed parallel to each other, valve-casings extending transversely of said cylinders at the opposite ends thereof and provided with an inlet-opening at their mid-length, an exhaust-chamber extending transversely of the cylinders between the valve-casings, a powershaft, pistons carried thereby disposed within said cylinders and connected to crank-arms upon said shaft, aslide-block carried by said crank-arm, and a cross-head comprising parallel ways within which said block reciprocates.

12. In an engine, a plurality of power-cylinders disposed parallel to each other, valve-casings extending transversely of said cylinders at the opposite ends thereof and provided with an inlet-opening at their mid-length, an exhaust-chamber extending transversely of the cylinders between the valve-casings, a powershaft, pistons carried thereby disposed within said cylinders and connected to crankarms upon said shaft, a slide-block carried by said crank-arm, a cross-head comprising parallel ways within which said block reciprocates, parallel compression-cylinders, pistons therein, and piston-rods extending from the compressing-pistons to the cross-head.

13. In an engine, a plurality of power-cylinders disposed parallel to each other, valve-casings extending transversely'of said cylinders at the opposite ends thereof and provided With an inlet-opening at their mid-length, an exhaust-chamber extending transversely of the cylinders between the valve-casings, a powershaft, pistons carried thereby disposed within said cylinders and connected to crankarms upon said shaft, a slide-block carried by said crank-arms, a cross-head comprising parallel ways within which said block reciprocates, parallel compression-cylinders, pistons therein, piston-rods extending from the compressing-pistons to the cross head, valves within said casing, controlling means carried at the opposite ends of said power-shaft, independent levers adapted to contact with said controlling means, and independent valverods extending from each of said levers to the valve controlled thereby.

14. In an engine, a plurality of power-cylinders disposed parallel to each other, valve-cas ings extending transversely of said cylinders at the opposite ends thereof and provided with an inlet-opening at their mid-length, an exhaust-chamber extending transversely of the cylinders between the valve-casings, a powershaft, pistons carried thereby disposed within said cylinders and connected to crankarms upon said shaft, a slide-block carriedby said crank-arms, a cross-head comprising parallel ways within which said block reciprocates, parallel compression-cylinders, pistons therein, piston-rods extending from the compressing-pistons to the cross head, valves within said casing, shifting means carried at the opposite ends of said power-shaft, independent levers adapted to contact with said shifting means, independent valve-rods extending from each of said levers to the valve controlled thereby, a plurality of contactfaces carried by the controlling means, and a shifting-lever for simultaneously moving the controlling means upon the power-shaft for bringing the different faces thereof in contact with said levers.

15. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one end and an exhaust-passage extended therefrom, of a valve-casing communicating therewith, a sleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a cylindrical valve having a tapering periphery and an open end to provide an interior inlet-passage with a port in one wall, a closed head at one end of said valve, and means for engaging said head and drawing said valve longitudinally within the casing.

16. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one. end and an exhaust-passage extended therefrom, of a valve-casing communicating therewith, a sleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a cylindrical valve having a tapering periphery and an open end to provide an interior inlet-passage with a port in one wall, a closed head at one end of said valve, a threaded shaft having a head. to engage a socket at the head end of said valve, and a bearing for said shaft for drawing the same outwardly.

17. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one end and an exhaust-passage extended therefrom, of a valve-casing communicating therewith, a sleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a valve having a tapering periphery and an interior inlet-passage with a port in one wall,a threaded shaft having a head to engage a socket at the outer end of said valve, a bearing .for said shaft for drawing the same outwardly, projecting lugs upon the outer end of the valve, a disk having apertures to fit said lugs and acrank-pin extendinglaterally therefrom, and means for operating said pin from the engine crankshaft.

18. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one end and an exhaust-passage extended therefrom, of a valve-casing communicating therewith, a sleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a valve having a tapering periphery and an interior inlet-passage with a port in one wall, a threaded shaft having a head to engage a socket at the outer end of said valve, a bearing for said shaft for drawing the same outwardly, projecting lugs upon the outer end of the valve, a disk having apertures to fit said lugs and a crank-pin extending laterally therefrom, a casing within which said disk is disposed, bearing-balls interposed between the disk and casing, and means for operating said pin from the engine crank-shaft.

19. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one end and an exhaust-passage extended therefrom, of a' valve-casing communicating therewith, a sleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a valve having a tapering periphery and an interior inlet-passage with a port in one walha threaded shaft having a head to engage a socket at the outer end of said valve, a bearing for said shaft for drawing the same outwardly, projecting lugs upon the outer end of the valve, a disk having apertures to it said lugs and a crank-pin extending laterally therefrom, a casing within which said disk is disposed, bearing-balls interposed between the disk and easing, a fixed bracket between the outer end of the said threaded shaft. an adjusting-screw disposed therein and provided with a bearingrecess for the outer end of said shaft, and means for operating said pin from the engine crank-shaft.

20. In an engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having a port at one end and an exhaustpassage extended therefrom, of a valve-casing communicating therewith, asleeve secured within said casing and provided with ports communicating with the cylinder and the exhaust-passage therefrom, a valve having a tapering periphery and an interior inlet-passage with a port in one wall,a threaded shaft. having a head to engage a socket at the outer end of said valve, a bearing for said shaft for drawing thesame outwardly, projecting lugs upon the outer end of the valve. a disk having apertliires to fit said lugs and a crank-pin extending laterally therefrom, a casing within which said disk is disposed, bearing-balls interposed between the disk and easing, a fixed bracket between the outer end of the said threaded shaft, an adjusting-screw disposed therein and provided with a bearingrecess for the outer end of said shaft, bearingballs disposed between the end of said shaft,

the base of the recess, a lock-nut for said adjusting-screw, and a wrench-hold upon said threaded shaft, and means for operating said pin from the crank-shaft.

21. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a valve having a crank-pin connected thereto for oscillation therewith, a power-shaft, a valvecontrolling device located thereon, a lever piw otally mounted below said shaft and provided between its ends with a contact-roller to engage said device, and a valve-rod extending from the upper end of said lever above said shaft to said crank-pin.

22. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a valve having a crank-pin connected thereto for oscillation therewith, a power-shaft, a valvecontrolling device located thereon, a lever pivotally mounted below said shaft and provided with a contactroller to engage said device, a valve-rod extending from said lever to said crank-pin, a clip-plate embracing said crankpin, and having eyes at opposite ends through which said rod passes, and nuts disposed upon said threaded end of said valve-rod to contact with the opposite faces of said clip.

23. In an engine, a power-cylinder, valves communicating therewith, a power-shaft, a valve-controlling device carried upon said shaft, levers at the opposite sides of said controlling device and pivotally mounted to contact therewith, valve-rods extending from each of said levers to an independent valve for operating the same, a cross-bar upon the upper end of said levers, a tension-spring extending between the bars upon the opposite levers, and an adjusting device carried by one of said cross-bars for varying the tension of said spring.

24:. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a powershaft and piston connected therewith, a valve for said cylinder, at controlling device for said valve comprising a plurality of faces of different outline, means for communicating motion from either of said faces to the valves, a lever mounted beneath said controlling device and connected therewith, a shifting bar for operating said lever, and a shaft provided with a crank-pin for operating said shifting bar.

25. In an engine, a cylinder, a power-shaft and piston connected therewith, valves at the opposite sides of said cylinder, a movable valve-controlling device slidingly mounted upon the opposite ends of said power-shaft, pivoted levers at the opposite ends of the power-shaft mounted upon a stud carried by the engine-frame, a sleeve at the inner end of said levers beneath said controlling devices, a yoke engaging said devices and pivotally mounted in said sleeve, and a shifting bar connecting the outer ends of said levers.

26. In an engine, a cylinder, a power-shaft and piston connected therewith, valves at theopposite sides of said cylinder, a movable valve-controlling device slidingly mounted upon the opposite ends of said power-shaft, pivoted levers at the opposite ends of the power-shaft mounted upon a stud carried by the engine-frame, a sleeve at the inner end of said levers beneath said controlling devices, a yoke engaging said devices and pivotally mounted in said sleeve, a shifting bar connecting the outer ends of said levers, an operating-shaft for said bar mounted in the engine frame, a disk carried by the inner end of said shaft, an angularly-disposed slotted extension from said shifting bar, a crank-pin from said disk disposed in said slot, and an operatinghandle upon the outer free end of said shaft.

27. In an engine, a power-cylinder, a piston therein, a power-shaft connected to said piston, a compression-cylinder at the opposite side of the power-shaft from the power-cylinder and provided with a piston connected with said shaft, and valve-controlled inlet and outlet chambers extending longitudinally .of the compression-cylinder and having passages at the upper and lower portions of each end of said compression-cylinder communicating with valve-controlled.air-chambers. I

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOSEPH D. FERRY.

WVitnesses:

JAooB A. STARRETT, SAMUEL MOOORKLE. 

